We often say that solar energy is universal. The sun selflessly delivers light and heat resources to our homes for free. As long as we collect them, it may be effectively used. In fact, this kind of statement is only right less than 1/3 because solar energy also has the feature of uneven regional environmental distribution, that is, how much solar radiation energy sent to your door can be effectively used. Collection and utilization cannot be generalized. In addition, it is impossible to generalize on what method, equipment, and technical means are used for rational collection and utilization. Some immature technical means or improper selection of equipment may cause more trouble for users. To correctly judge the scientificity, advancement, feasibility, and rationality of the system design, it is necessary to follow the principle of dealing with open and complex giant systems, and conduct a full-scale systematic investigation of the various issues involved in the project; collect important information Design parameters and experimental experience data; for the design basis of the design plan, a comprehensive system analysis should be carried out according to the operability principle of the environment and the overall layout plan to find out the hidden problems and deficiencies that may exist; and carry out the corresponding Optimize design and dynamic simulation until there are no suspicious problems or suspense. According to the overall requirements and principles of the preparation of the feasibility analysis report, in order to do a good job in the engineering design of the solar energy system objectively, we need to carefully do the following eight aspects of work one by one:
First, as a designer of solar system engineering, we first need to have a comprehensive and objective understanding of the solar resource status of the solar project equipment installation site. It is necessary to accurately collect the geographic environment and climate parameters, solar resources and related atmospheric environment meteorological data of the project installation site: sunshine rate, sunshine hours, sunshine distribution law, solar radiation: environmental extreme temperature, average temperature, average water temperature, precipitation Distribution, precipitation, rain and snow distribution, freezing and haze, wind speed, wind direction: as a solar thermal utilization system, it is also necessary to collect local water and electricity supply, cold water pressure, water quality data, the exact location of water supply sources and water points, and heat Water consumption, water usage, water temperature, cold and hot water pressure and other relevant conditions and special requirements, and use them as the technical parameters of the entire system design and the important basis for drawing up specific design plans.
Second, it is necessary to clarify the basic structure and related data of the project installation bearing building: the geographical latitude and azimuth coordinates of the bearing building; the planning conditions of adjacent buildings and surrounding environment; the area, shape, and building load-bearing of the roof plane site of the installation building Structural design and load-bearing capacity; related technical measures and basic conditions that need to be taken in terms of wind resistance, earthquake resistance, lightning protection, lightning protection, ice and snow resistance, pressure resistance, and frost resistance; and specific sunrise and sunset orientations and building shades Shade conditions; floor structure design and distribution of various types of units; special requirements for the planning and design of balconies, windowsills, corridors, shared spaces, pipe wells and external wall elevations; the diameter of water supply and drainage pipes and the state of pipe network divisions; power supply and information pipes Comprehensive information materials such as design conditions and installation requirements, design drawings and management manuals; and plan and use them as system design conditions.
Third, directly listen to Party A’s specific design requirements for the project, and accurately record the user data involved in the project: total occupants of the building, distribution of floor occupants, average number of residents and maximum hot water demand, per capita water consumption, bathroom and kitchen layout design ; And other special design requirements of Party A; for example: Do you need to configure an auxiliary energy system? Is there a requirement for decompression or pressurization? Time limit of hot water supply; water temperature, water quantity, water quality guarantee rate and water supply standard: etc. Finally, the above objective design conditions are sorted and summarized; the empirical data frame is used to calculate the overall project scale; the preliminary planning and design scheme is proposed to determine the estimated target of solar hot water production: and notify Party A in time, and collect Party A’s feedback at the same time Opinion: Make necessary adjustments and optimize the design according to Party A’s opinions to form a preliminary plan for the system engineering design.
Fourth, make full use of the unshaded surface of the roof according to the building structure, and increase the use of some south-facing balconies, window sills, and façades when necessary; make an overall layout plan for the collectors, and find the minimum installation area of the collectors The best layout plan.
Fifth, a piping system design scheme for the direction of the cold and hot water supply and drainage pipelines connecting the solar hot water system engineering design and the carrying building is proposed.
Sixth, in conjunction with the detailed building design drawings, Party A is invited to coordinate with relevant parties such as architectural design, construction, and supervision, and jointly negotiate the five hidden embedded components of the system (cold and hot water pipes, control power supply, signal transmission pipes, load-bearing anchors) The concrete pre-embedded laying methods of anchor bolt connection parts, etc., implement the responsibilities of standards and division of labor and the measures to connect each other, so as to further complete the detailed design and specific construction plan of the integrated and coordinated installation of solar hot water system engineering and construction.
Seventh, in accordance with the relevant national technical standards and local policies and regulations, in the last part of the system engineering design plan, the whole solar system engineering involves other units’ structural refinement design suggestions, as well as the experience and receipt standards of the water and electricity supply and demand loads. Construction steps; safety, sanitation, and environmental protection responsibility measures for the construction site in the construction interval; organization and management of the specific construction period: project schedule; and correspondingly sort out the responsibility clauses of the collaboration agreement that are legally binding on the relevant parties.
Eighth, as a complete solar energy system engineering design plan or feasibility analysis report; on the basis of the above-mentioned system design analysis, a detailed analytical evaluation of the social and economic benefits after the implementation of the project should be made at the end; through coexistence Comparable and objective comparison of other related programs, using data and measurable results to concisely demonstrate the superiority, feasibility and completeness of the recommended program. Of course, as the final part of the text that needs to be directly reported to Party A to approve the plan, it should also be based on the scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts, and give clear technical conclusions and suggestions on the possible risks and other problems of the entire plan. Including possible deficiencies and deficiencies, methods and conditions to eliminate the above-mentioned risks, and relevant suggestions and opinions on improving the plan. In short, you should make Party A feel that the system design plan you propose is a practical, scientific and advanced feasible plan. Even if there are some shortcomings, it is considered that the value for money is an acceptable plan with higher cost performance. Willing to accept your engineering design opinions and suggestions convincingly. At the same time, let Party A understand the possible limitations of the system under the current conditions, as well as the prospects for future improvements and the price that needs to be paid.
The above eight steps are probably indispensable and necessary to complete the system engineering design of operations on a solar project map.